Parofor 70mg/g powder for use in drinking water, milk or milk replacer for pre-ruminant cattle and pigs.
Target species
Pre-ruminant cattle, pig.
Indications for use
Treatment of gastro-intestinal infections caused by Escherichia coli susceptible to paromomycin
Contra-indications
Do not use in animals with known hypersensitivity to paromomycin, other aminoglycosides or any of the excipients.
Do not use in cases with impaired function of the kidneys or liver.
Do not use in ruminating animals.
Do not use in turkeys due to the risk of selection for antimicrobial resistance in intestinal bacteria.
Special warnings for each target species
None
Special precautions for use
Special precautions for use in animals
The uptake of medication by animals can be altered as a consequence of illness. In case of insufficient uptake of water/milk animals should be treated parenterally using a suitable injectable product following the advice of the veterinarian.
The use of the product should be combined with good management practices e.g. good hygiene, proper ventilation, no overstocking.
Since the product is potentially ototoxic and nephrotoxic, it is recommended to assess kidney function.
Do not use in newborns (calf, piglet) due to higher absorption of paromomycin and subsequently an
increased risk of oto- and nephrotoxicity.
Prolonged or repeated use of the product should be avoided by improving management practices and through cleansing and disinfection.
Use of the product should be based on susceptibility testing of the bacteria isolated from the animal. If this is not possible, therapy should be based on local (regional, farm level) epidemiological information about susceptibility of the target bacteria. Official, national and regional antimicrobial policies should be taken into account when the product is used.
Use of the product deviating from the instructions given in the SPC may increase the prevalence of bacteria resistant to paromomycin and may decrease the effectiveness of treatment with aminoglycosides due to the potential for crossresistance.
Aminoglycosides are considered as critical in human medicine. Consequently, they should not be used as a first intention treatment in veterinary medicine.
Special precautions to be taken by the person administering the veterinary medicinal product to animals
People with known hypersensitivity to aminoglycosides should avoid contact with the veterinary medicinal product.
Personal protective equipment consisting of protective clothing and impervious gloves should be worn when handling the veterinary medicinal product.
Do not eat, drink and smoke when handling the product. Wash hands after use. In case of accidental ingestion, seek medical advice immediately and show the label to the physician.
When handling this product, inhalation of the dust must be avoided by wearing a disposable half-mask respirator conforming to European Standard EN 149 or a non-disposable respirator to European Standard EN 140 with a filter to EN 143.
Use in a well-ventilated area. Avoid inhaling the powder while preparing the medicated water or
milk replacer. Avoid contact with the skin and eyes. In the event of accidental contact
with the skin or eyes, rinse with plenty of water and seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Adverse reactions
In rare occasions soft faeces has been observed.
Aminoglycoside antibiotics such as paromomycin can cause phenomena such as oto- and nephrotoxicity.
Use during pregnancy, lactation or lay
Laboratory studies in rat and rabbit have not produced any evidence of teratogenic, foetoxic, maternotoxic effects. The use is not recommended during the whole pregnancy.
Interactions
General anaesthetics and muscle relaxing products increases the neuro-blocking effect of aminoglycosides. This may cause paralysis and apnoea.
Do not use concurrently with strong diuretics and potentially oto- or nephrotoxic substances.
Amounts to be administered and administration route
Oral use
Pre-ruminant cattle: administration in milk/milk replacer
Pigs: administration in drinking water.
Duration of treatment: 3-5 days
Pre-ruminant cattle: 25-50 mg paromomycin sulfate per kg BW/day (equivalent to 2.5-5 g of product/10 kg BW/day)
Pigs: 25-40 mg paromomycin sulfate per kg BW/day (equivalent to 2.5-4 g of product/10 kg BW/day)
For the administration through the drinking water milk or milk replacer, the exact daily amount of product should be calculated, based on the recommended dose, and the number and weight of the animals to be treated, according to the following formula:
h-905
To ensure a correct dosage body weight should be determined as accurately as possible.
The uptake of medicated water/milk /milk replacer depends on several factors including clinical conditions of the animals and the local conditions such as ambient temperature and humidity. In order to obtain the correct dosage, drinking water/milk/milk replacer uptake has to be monitored and the concentration of paromomycin has to be adjusted accordingly.
Medicated drinking water/milk/milk replacer and any stock solutions should be freshly prepared every 6 hours (in milk/milk replacer) or every 24 hours (in water).
To assure administration of the exact daily amount of product suitably calibrated weighing equipment should be used.
For the administration of the product commercially available dosing pumps can be used. The solubility of the product has been tested at the maximum concentration of 95 g/L.
Overdose
Paromomycin when administered orally is hardly absorbed systemically. Harmful effects
due to accidental overdosing are highly unlikely.
Withdrawal periods
Pre-ruminant cattle
Meat and offal: 20 days
Pig
Meat and offal: 3 days
Pharmacological particulars
Pharmacodynamic properties
Paromomycin belongs to the group of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Paromomycin changes the reading of messenger-RNA, which disrupts protein synthesis. The bactericidal activity of paromomycin is mainly attributed to its irreversible binding to ribosomes. Paromomycin has broad spectrum activity against numerous Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including E. coli.
Paromomycin acts in a concentration-dependant manner. Four mechanisms of resistance have been identified: changes of the ribosome, reduction of permeability, inactivation by enzymes and substitution of the molecular target. The first three resistance mechanisms arise from mutations of certain genes on chromosomes or plasmids. The fourth resistance mechanism only occurs following intake of a transposon or plasmid coding for resistance. Paromomycin selects for resistance and cross-resistances at high frequency against a variety of other aminoglycosides among intestinal bacteria.
Pharmacokinetic properties
Following oral administration of paromomycin, hardly any absorption takes place and the molecule is eliminated unchanged via the faeces.
Pharmaceutical particulars
Pharmacotherapeutic group: intestinal antiinfectives; antibiotics.
ATC vet code: QA 07 AA 06.
Excipients
Silica, colloidal anhydrous
Glucose monohydrate
Major incompatibilities
In the absence of compatibility studies, this veterinary medicinal product must not be mixed with other veterinary medicinal products.
Shelf life
Shelf-life of the veterinary medicinal product as packaged for sale: 2 years.
Shelf life after first opening the immediate packaging: 6 months.
Shelf life after reconstitution in drinking water: 24 hours
Shelf life after reconstitution in milk/milk replacer: 6 hours
Special precautions for storage
Product as packed for sale: do not store above 30°C.
After first opening: do not store above 25°C. Keep the sachet tightly closed.
After reconstitution: do not store above 25°C.
Immediate packaging
Block-bottom polyethylene/aluminium/polyethylene terephthalate sachet of 1 kg.
Disposal
Any unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived from such veterinary medicinal products should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.
Shipping charges mainland GB zone1
| Value | Weight | Delivery Charge |
| Over £49.00 | Any Weight | FREE |
| Under £49.00 | No weight limit | £4.50 |
| Under £49.00 | Under 250 grams | £3.49 |
Most orders are despatched the same day and standard delivery is 3 to 5 working days from despatch. FAST Expedited options are available at extra cost - these usually arrive in 24-48hrs from dispatch but delays are possible during busy periods.
Postcodes outside of Zone 1 (including some areas within mainland UK) may incur extra carriage charges due to surcharges imposed by the couriers. These will be calculated on the website at the checkout.
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We no longer send goods outside of the UK.
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Prescription items will be sent on receipt of a valid signed and dated prescription.
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Please ring us on 01833 641112 for more information.
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Refrigerated items will be sent by carrier or express delivery at a cost of £7.50, with coolpacks, unless you pay for a premium for a refrigerated delivery. We will contact you prior to despatch for your instructions.
We want you to be completely satisfied with any purchase. If not any item* can be returned to us within 14 days of receipt for exchange or refund Please give us a ring for a returns number on 01833 641112 or alternatively email sales@hyperdrug.co.uk to obtain a returns number.
*Due to legal requirements medicines may not be returned except to correct an error in despatch or in response to an "official recall". If an item is believed to be faulty it should be returned for inspection and it may be necessary to forward it to the manufacturers for testing before replacements or refunds can be authorised. This does not infringe legal rights. Please contact our customer services for a "Returns Number" which must appear on the outside of the package or it will not be accepted. We advise customers to use an insured method of shipping and to retain proof of despatch. We may refuse returns on products specially obtained or manufactured to order. Items must be returned unsoiled and unused and sent adequately packed and carriage paid.
